ghk-cu coordination geometry square-pyramidal copper of the (a) four-, (b) five-, (c) five- and (d) six- 3.6.4: Coordination Numbers and Structures – A peptide can change character – Octahedral structure of Cu1 (a)

The Logistics (BPC-157): Ensures vascular supply

Unlike full proteins, peptides are small enough to be readily absorbed by the body

ResearchGate - Preclinical safety evaluation of body protective compound-157: Summarizes preclinical safety data in animals

And it signals satiety through the area postrema in the brainstem, telling your brain that you have eaten enough

Sequential injections of GHK-Cu into the chamber produced a concentration-dependent increase in dry weight, DNA content, total protein, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan accumulation, with type I and type III collagen mRNAs elevated in the absence of a corresponding TGF- mRNA increase (Maquart et al., 1993)

Long-term human safety and efficacy are still being investigated